The potential energy is equal to the amount of work done to get an object into its position. For example, if you were to lift a box off the floor and place it on a table. The potential energy of the box on the table will equal the amount of work it took to move the box from the floor to the table.
From the equation we can also make the inference that there is a direct relationship between potential energy and the mass of an object, the bigger the mass of an object, the greater its potential energy.
More so, potential energy of an object is directly proportional to the height of the object, the higher that an objected is elevated, the greater the gravitation potential energy. Viva Differences.
Kinetic energy is the energy possessed by a system or an object with respect to the motion of the body or of the particles in the system. Potential energy is the energy stored in an object or system because of its position or arrangement of parts. Your email address will not be published.
Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Related Articles. Mechanical work: Examples and Applications March 31, States of Matter and their properties for kids July 10, Share this comparison:. If you read this far, you should follow us:. Diffen LLC, n. Kinetic and Potential Energy. Comparison chart Differences — Similarities —. Interconversion of Kinetic and Potential Energy The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be destroyed but can only be transformed from one form into another.
Etymology The word "kinetic" is derived from the Greek word kinesis , which means "motion. Types of Kinetic Energy and Potential Energy Kinetic energy can be classified into two types, depending on the type of objects: Translational kinetic energy Rotational kinetic energy Rigid non rotating bodies have rectilinear motion. Potential energy is classified depending on the applicable restoring force. Gravitational potential energy — potential energy of an object which is associated with gravitational force.
For example, when a book is placed on top of a table, energy required to raise the book from the floor and energy possessed by the book due to its elevated position on the table is gravitational potential energy. Here gravity is the restoring force. Elastic potential energy — energy possessed by an elastic body like the bow and catapult when it is stretched and deformed in one direction is elastic potential energy.
The restoring force is elasticity which acts in the opposite direction. Chemical potential energy — energy related to arrangement of atoms and molecules in a structure is chemical potential energy. Chemical energy possessed by a substance due to the potential it has to undergo a chemical change by taking part in a chemical reaction is chemical potential energy of the substance.
Potential energy is always determined based on the position of a body and not based on its trajectory of movement.
Some of the important factors that impact PE are its mass, its height relative to another object, and strength of the gravitational field. Imagine a book or a ball of iron resting on a table at a height of 2 meters from the ground. If the same object were to be placed at a height of 10 meters from the ground, the object at the higher position will have a higher PE than the one at the lower height.
It is also called as restoring energy because this in a way forces the object to come back to its original energy state. When an object is raised from the ground, work is done against the gravitational force. Energy is spent in doing this work. When the object again falls to the ground, the object then gains energy from the gravitational energy. While the object falls and is in motion from its position of rest earlier, the PE gets converted to another form of energy.
We will talk about the other form later. Atoms or molecules are arranged form in different chemicals. The specific arrangement of the atoms and molecules to form a structure contributes to the chemical potential energy of a chemical substance.
Also, when chemicals react, the energy will be transformed from one form to another. Also attributable to electric charge, an object has electrostatic potential energy and electrodynamic potential energy. There are particles inside the atomic nucleus. The particles inside also have energy which is the nuclear potential energy. The word Kinetic has its origin in the Greek language. In the Greek language, the word kinesis means "to move". This name was originally coined by William Thomson.
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